Incidence of Bacterial Grain Rot Disease, Identification, and Diversity of Burkolderia glumae in Some Rice Varieties in West Java
| Main Authors: | Widarti, Ani, Giyanto, Giyanto, Mutaqin, Kikin Hamzah |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf Journal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)
, 2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jfiti/article/view/26350 https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jfiti/article/view/26350/19205 |
Daftar Isi:
- Incidence of Bacterial Grain Rot Disease, Identification, and Diversity of Burkolderia glumae in Some Rice Varieties in West Java Rice rot disease caused by the bacteria Burkholderia glumae needs to be looked out, including in West Java as one of rice production center for Indonesia. This study was carried out to determine disease incidence, identity and diversity of B. glumae in several rice varieties grown in West Java Province. Sampling and observation of disease incidence were conducted in 9 districts. Bacteria were isolated from rice grains with symptomatic rot, followed by biochemical and physiological tests involving Gram and growing tests at pH 4.8 and 2% NaCl. Phenotypic variation was observed from the colony color on S-PG media, toxofalvin production, hypersensitivity response to tobacco leaves, and pathogenicity test on rice plants. B. glumae specific primers, JLBgF/JLBgR, and bacteria universal 16S rRNA primers, 27F/1492R were used to determine molecular identity. Genotypic diversity analysis was performed using neighbour-joining tree method. Disease incidence was in the range of 0–73.3%, the highest was found in Dawuan District (Karawang) on var. Mekongga. The phenotypic observations showed 10 isolates belonging to type A colonies and 19 isolates of type B; 25 isolates produced toxoflavin; 29 isolates produced hypersensitivity responses to tobacco leaves and blight symptoms in rice plants. Identification using specific and universal primers confirmed that 29 isolates were B. glumae. The genotypic diversity analysis of 16S rRNA gene showed that KRCH-2 isolates (Karawang) and INCH-6 (Indramayu) were closely related to B. glumae from China and America.
- Penyakit busuk bulir padi oleh bakteri Burkholderia glumae perlu diwaspadai termasuk di Jawa Barat sebagai salah satu sentra produksi padi nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan insidensi penyakit, identitas dan keragaman bakteri B. glumae pada beberapa varietas padi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pengamatan insidensi penyakit dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 9 kabupaten. Bakteri diisolasi dari bulir padi yang bergejala busuk bulir kemudian dilakukan uji biokimia dan fisiologi yang meliputi uji Gram serta uji pertumbuhan pada pH 4.8, dan NaCl 2%. Variasi fenotipik diamati dari warna koloni pada medium S-PG, produksi toksofalvin, respons hipersensitivitas pada daun tembakau, dan uji patogenisitas pada tanaman padi. Primer spesifik JLBgF/JLBgR dan primer universal 16S rRNA, yaitu 27F/1492R digunakan untuk menentukan identitas bakteri secara molekuler. Insidensi penyakit di lapangan berkisar antara 0–73.3%, tertinggi di Kecamatan Dawuan (Karawang) pada var. Mekongga. Berdasarkan uji biokimia dan fisiologi diperoleh 29 isolat terkonfirmasi sebagai B. glumae. Hasil pengamatan fenotipik menunjukkan 10 isolat tergolong koloni tipe A, 19 isolat tipe B; 25 isolat menghasilkan toksoflavin; 29 isolat menimbulkan respons hipersensitivitas pada daun tembakau dan gejala hawar pada tanaman padi. Identifikasi menggunakan primer spesifik dan universal membuktikan 29 isolat adalah B. glumae. Analisis keragaman genotip menunjukkan bahwa isolat KRCH-2 (Karawang) dan INCH-6 (Indramayu) memiliki hubungan kekerabatan yang dekat dengan B. glumae asal Cina dan Amerika