Analisis Kesesuaian Lahan Dan Strategi Pemanfaatan Lahan Tambak Terlantar Di Pesisir Aceh Tamiang Untuk Budidaya Ikan Nila Salin (Oreochromis Niloticus Linn)
| Main Author: | Agustin, Agustin |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | Universitas Terbuka |
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Jurnal Manajemen Perikanan dan Kelautan
, 2014
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| Online Access: |
http://pasca.ut.ac.id/journal/index.php/JMPK/article/view/54 http://pasca.ut.ac.id/journal/index.php/JMPK/article/view/54/54 |
Daftar Isi:
- Penelitian yang bertujuan menganalisis dan mengevaluasi kesesuaian lahan tambak terlantar di wilayah pesisir Aceh Tamiang untuk budidaya ikan nila telah dilakukan di empat lokasi yaitu di Kecamatan Manyak Payed, Kecamatan Banda Mulia, Kecamatan Bendahara dan Kecamatan Seruway. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survey eksploratif dan deskriptif untuk sampel tanah, air dan plankton serta metode wawancara dan Forum Group Discussion (FGD) terhadap responden sosial. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi biofisik dan bioindikatornya termasuk dalam kategori baik. Urutan tambak dari yang terbaik yaitu tambak di Kecamatan Banda Mulia, Seruway, Bendahara dan Manyak Payed. Komoditas budidaya yang direkomendasikan adalah budidaya ikan nila salin. Faktor pembatas yang mempengaruhi pemanfaatan lahan tambak terlantar adalah kondisi lahan tambak yang belum optimal secara fisik, faktor modal, sumber daya manusia, dan teknologi yang masih rendah serta kualitas air yang mengandung amoniak yang tinggi di beberapa lokasi dengan kadar oksigen terlarut yang rendah. Strategi untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan lahan terlantar di Kecamatan Pesisir Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang berada pada kuadran IV yang menunjukkan strategi defensif yang diterapkan berupa penyuluhan kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya menjaga ekosistem pesisir agar tidak beralih fungsi ke lahan perkebunan sawit, pengadaan demplot budidaya bagi masyarakat petani tambak di salah satu area lahan tambak terlantar, penggunaan teknologi yang tepat guna dan ramah lingkungan dalam usaha budidaya, menetapkan Qanun larangan dan pemberian sanksi bagi masyarakat yang mengalihfungsikan lahan tambaknya menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit karena dapat menyebabkan degradasi lingkungan dan rehabilitasi lahan tambak yang tercemar bahan kimia atau bahan berbahaya lainnya.Kata Kunci: kesesuaian lahan, nila salin, tambak terlantar. Analysis on land suitability and strategy of utilization of abandoned fishponds in Aceh tamiang coastal area for saline tilapia (oreochromis niloticus linn) farmingAbstract A research that is aimed to analyze and evaluate the suitability of abandoned fishpond lands in Aceh Tamiang coastal areas for tilapia farming has been conducted in four locations namely in Manyak Payed District, Banda Mulia District, Bendahara Distric and Seruway District. The research is performed by using explorative and descriptive survey methods for soil, water and planktons samples, and by interview and Forum Group Discussion (FGD) methods for social respondents. The data is analyzed by means of descriptive qualitative and SWOT methods. The results of research indicated that the condition of biophysical and bio indicator are in good category. The order of fishponds from the best condition is in Banda Mulia, Seruway, Bendahara and Manyak Payed. The recommended farming/culture commodity is saline tilapia farming. The limiting factors influential to the utilization of these abandoned fishponds are the condition of fishpond lands which is not physically optimum, fund/capital, human resources, and low technology as well as the water quality that containing high concentration of ammoniac at some locations with low dissolved oxygen level. The strategy in optimizing abandoned land utilization in Aceh Tamiang Coastal Regency is at quadrant IV, that indicates a defensive strategy to be applied in the form of counseling to the community concerning the importance of maintaining the coastal ecosystem so that its function will not switch into oil palm estates, the procurement of demonstration plot for fish farmers community in one of the abandoned land areas, the application of effective and environmentally friendly technology in the farming business, stipulating a prohibition Qanun (Aceh Regional Regulation) and the application of sanction to those who switch the function of its fishpond land into oil palm estate, because will result in environmental degradation, and the rehabilitation of the lands contaminated by chemical or other hazardous material.Key Words: abandoned fishpond, land suitability, saline tilapia.