Audio analysis Automated detection BiLSTM Biometric Boosting COVID-19 COVID-19 Feature Extraction Classification Audio Cough SVM Cluster Validity Index Clustering Convolutional neural network Cough sound Deep learning Electrocardiogram Signal Fuzzy C-Means Fuzzy Possibilistic C-Means Gender Classifications Imbalance Industrial Business LSTM Machine learning Medical diagnosis Mel-spectrogram images Respiratory diseases SMOTE Variants Software Defect Prediction