Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) Hybrid Bacterial Foraging Optimization (HBFO) Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) Agent Clones Applied Sciences Coordination Learning Malicious Host Mathematics Nervous system Problem based learning Wireless Communication assurance and empathy average channel gain channel capacity channel transfer function citizen science crowdsourcing damage assessment disaster response image classification line impedance logbook reliability responsiveness self-assessment self-directed learning service quality social media tangibles